How do negative operands of bitwise operators work in Java?

• Java 
-4 & -5 = -8 // How?
-4 & -5 = -8 // How?
-4 & 5 = 4 // How?

I need to explain how to achieve the above results I have no difficulty in solving with positive integers

Solution

Simply convert an integer to a binary representation (for negative integers, use two's complexity) and run and bitwise:

-4 11111..1100 &
-5 11111..1011

-8 11111..1000


-4 11111..1100 &
 5 00000..0101

 4 00000..0100
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