IO stream parsing and code examples in Java

IO stream

There are two types of IO streams in Java: byte stream and character stream. As the name suggests, byte stream is read and written according to bytes, and character stream is accessed according to characters; The commonly used file reading uses character stream, and the network communication uses byte stream

The following figure shows the overall framework of IO flow in Java:

Byte stream

In Java, byte stream generally ends with stream. The input byte stream is called InputStream and the output byte stream is called OutputStream; InputStream and OutputStream are superclasses representing all classes of their own input / output, and are abstract classes

Common byte streams are:

Character stream

In Java, the input character stream ends with reader and the output character stream ends with writer. For example, our common FileReader and filewriter are character streams. Reader and witter are super classes and abstract classes of input / output character streams

Common character streams are:

Conversion flow

Conversion stream is a class that converts byte stream into character stream. There are two types:

Inputstreamreader is a character stream (Reader) and needs to wrap a byte stream (InputStream);

Outputstreamwriter is a character stream (writer) and needs to wrap a byte stream (OutputStream)

Package

The function of wrapper is to add new functions on the basis of the original object. For example, BufferedReader wraps a reader, which is actually an enhancement of the reader function; The original reader can only read one character by one. The BufferedReader formed after packaging has a new function: the function of directly reading one line. Intuitively, this is the so-called decorate

In terms of design mode, this is a typical decoration mode, which is characterized by:

Corresponding to us, BufferedReader and reader are both readers. The BufferedReader function is enhanced after packaging, but it can still be used as a reader (the parent class reference of OO can point to a child class)

example

Example of byte stream

Cut MP3 files into multiple copies and reassemble them

Example of character stream

Copy file a to file B

Example of print stream

summary

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