Best practices for checking duplicate values in a database using java

I use @ column to set the unique constraint of the user name (unique = true)

>By capturing the exception that the program will throw when trying to insert data with the same user name. > Before attempting to insert, check the database if the supplied user name already exists

Solution

I think solution 1 (try catch) is very good For solution 2, if concurrency exists in the database, exception handling is still required