Array – what is the difference between a.length and a.heap-size?

I have a question about heap sorting It points out in the book "algorithm" that a.heap-size < = a.length

Solution

The invariant of heap sorting is that the first k elements of the N-element array are the heap on the K smallest elements, and the last n-k elements are the n-k largest elements in the sorting order The latter element is why the heap does not occupy the entire array

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